Propelled by the omnipresence of versatile data capture, communication, and computing technologies, physical sensing has revolutionized the avenue for decisively interpreting the real world. However, various limitations hinder physical sensing's effectiveness in critical scenarios such as disaster response and urban anomaly detection. Meanwhile, social sensing is contriving as a pervasive sensing paradigm leveraging observations from human participants equipped with portable devices and ubiquitous Internet connectivity to perceive the environment. Despite its virtues, social sensing also inherently suffers from a few drawbacks (e.g., inconsistent reliability and uncertain data provenance). Motivated by the complementary strengths of the two sensing modes, social-physical sensing (SPS) is protruding as an emerging sensing paradigm that explores the collective intelligence of humans and machines to reconstruct the "state of the world", both physically and socially. While a good number of interesting SPS applications have been studied, several critical unsolved challenges still exist in SPS. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of SPS, emphasizing its definition, key enablers, state-of-the-art applications, potential research challenges, and roadmap for future work. This paper intends to bridge the knowledge gap of existing sensing-focused survey papers by thoroughly examining the various aspects of SPS crucial for building potent SPS systems.

翻译：在多功能数据采集、通信和计算技术无所不在的推动下，物理感知彻底改变了深度解读真实世界的途径。然而，各种局限性阻碍了物理感知在灾难响应和城市异常检测等关键场景中的有效性。与此同时，社会感知正成为一种利用配备便携设备及普遍互联网连接的人类参与者观察来感知环境的泛在感知范式。尽管具有诸多优点，社会感知也固有地存在若干缺陷（例如，可靠性不一致与数据来源不确定）。受两种感知模式互补优势的驱动，社会-物理感知（SPS）正崭露头角，成为一种探索人类与机器集体智能以重构"世界状态"（包括物理层面与社会层面）的新兴感知范式。虽然已有大量有趣的SPS应用被研究，但SPS中仍存在若干关键未解挑战。本文对SPS进行了全面综述，重点阐述其定义、关键使能技术、最新应用、潜在研究挑战及未来工作路线图。本文旨在通过深入剖析构建强大SPS系统所必需的各个层面，弥合现有以感知为核心的综述论文中的知识鸿沟。