This article introduces a metamodel for the Business Model Canvas (BMC) using the Unified Modelling Language (UML), together with a dedicated Domain-Specific Modelling Language (DSML) tool. Although the BMC is widely adopted by both practitioners and scholars, significant challenges remain in formally modelling business models, particularly with regard to explicit specification of inter-component relationships, while preserving the simplicity that characterises the BMC. Addressing this tension between modelling rigour and practical relevance, this research adopts a Design Science Research approach to formally specify relationships among BMC components and to strengthen their theoretical grounding through an adaptation of the V 4 framework. The proposed metamodel consolidates BMC relationships into three core types: supports, determines, and affects, providing explicit semantics while remaining accessible to end users through graphical tooling. The findings highlight that formally specifying relationships significantly improves the interpretability and consistency of BMC representations. The proposed metamodel and tool offer a rigorous yet usable foundation for developing DSML-based BMC tools and for enabling systematic integration of the BMC into widely used software and enterprise modelling environments, thereby bridging business modelling and enterprise architecture practices for both academics and practitioners.

翻译：本文提出了一种基于统一建模语言（UML）的商业模式画布（BMC）元模型，并开发了相应的领域特定建模语言（DSML）工具。尽管BMC已被从业者和学者广泛采用，但在对商业模式进行形式化建模方面仍存在重大挑战，特别是在明确规范组件间关系的同时，保持BMC特有的简洁性。为解决建模严谨性与实践相关性之间的张力，本研究采用设计科学研究方法，通过调整V4框架来形式化规范BMC组件间的关系并加强其理论基础。所提出的元模型将BMC关系整合为三种核心类型：支持、决定与影响，在提供明确语义的同时，通过图形化工具保持对终端用户的易用性。研究结果表明，形式化规范关系显著提升了BMC表征的可解释性与一致性。该元模型与工具为开发基于DSML的BMC工具、以及将BMC系统化集成到广泛使用的软件与企业建模环境中提供了严谨而可用的基础，从而为学术界与从业者架起了商业模式建模与企业架构实践之间的桥梁。