Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology offers high throughput but has a limited radio range, necessitating the use of directional antennas or beamforming systems such as massive MIMO. Path loss (PL) models using narrow-beam antennas are known as directional models, while those using omnidirectional antennas are referred to as omnidirectional models. To standardize the analysis, omnidirectional PL models for mmWave ranges have been introduced, including TR 38.901 by 3GPP, which is based on measurements from directional antennas. However, synthesizing these measurements can be complex and time-consuming. This study proposes a numerical approach to derive an omnidirectional model from directional data using multi-elliptical geometry. We assessed the effectiveness of this method against existing PL models for mmWaves that are available in the literature.

翻译：毫米波（mmWave）技术虽能提供高吞吐量，但其无线电覆盖范围有限，因此需采用方向性天线或大规模MIMO等波束赋形系统。使用窄波束天线的路径损耗（PL）模型称为方向性模型，而使用全向天线的模型则称为全向模型。为统一分析标准，已针对毫米波频段引入了全向路径损耗模型，包括3GPP基于方向性天线测量数据制定的TR 38.901。然而，合成这些测量数据可能复杂且耗时。本研究提出一种数值方法，利用多椭圆几何从方向性数据推导全向模型。我们通过对比文献中现有的毫米波路径损耗模型，评估了该方法的有效性。