Understanding factors contributing to premature mortality is critical for public health planning. This study examines the relationships between premature death rates and multiple risk factors across several Texas counties, utilizing EPA air quality data, Census information, and county health records from recent years. We analyze the impact of air quality (PM2.5 levels), socioeconomic factors (median household income), and health conditions (COPD prevalence) through statistical analysis and modeling techniques. Results reveal COPD prevalence as a strong predictor of premature death rates, with higher prevalence associated with a substantial increase in years of potential life lost. While socioeconomic factors show a significant negative correlation, air quality demonstrates more complex indirect relationships. These findings emphasize the need for integrated public health interventions that prioritize key health conditions while addressing underlying socioeconomic disparities.

翻译：理解导致过早死亡的因素对公共卫生规划至关重要。本研究利用美国环保署空气质量数据、人口普查信息及近年县级健康记录，考察德克萨斯州多个县区过早死亡率与多重风险因素之间的关系。通过统计分析及建模技术，我们评估了空气质量（PM2.5浓度）、社会经济因素（家庭收入中位数）及健康状况（COPD患病率）的影响。结果显示COPD患病率是过早死亡率的强预测因子，其患病率升高与潜在生命损失年数的大幅增加密切相关。社会经济因素呈现显著负相关，而空气质量则表现出更为复杂的间接关联。这些发现强调需要采取综合公共卫生干预措施，在解决深层社会经济不平等的同时，优先关注关键健康状况。