The term ethics is widely used, explored, and debated in the context of developing Artificial Intelligence (AI) based software systems. In recent years, numerous incidents have raised the profile of ethical issues in AI development and led to public concerns about the proliferation of AI technology in our everyday lives. But what do we know about the views and experiences of those who develop these systems: the AI developers? We conducted a grounded theory literature review (GTLR) of 38 primary empirical studies that included AI developers' views on ethics in AI and analysed them to derive five categories - developer awareness, perception, need, challenge, and approach. These are underpinned by multiple codes and concepts that we explain with evidence from the included studies. We present a taxonomy of ethics in AI from developers' viewpoints to assist AI developers in identifying and understanding the different aspects of AI ethics. The taxonomy provides a landscape view of the key aspects that concern AI developers when it comes to ethics in AI. We also share an agenda for future research studies and recommendations for developers, managers, and organisations to help in their efforts to better consider and implement ethics in AI.

翻译：“伦理”一词在开发基于人工智能（AI）的软件系统中被广泛使用、探讨与辩论。近年来，众多事件提升了AI开发中伦理议题的受关注度，并引发了公众对AI技术在日常生活中的普及化所带来的担忧。然而，我们对这些系统开发者——即AI开发者——的观点与经验了解多少？我们通过对38项包含AI开发者对AI伦理看法的原始实证研究进行扎根理论文献综述（GTLR），分析后归纳出五个类别：开发者意识、认知、需求、挑战与方法。这些类别由多重编码与概念支撑，我们通过纳入研究的证据加以阐释。我们提出了一种基于开发者视角的AI伦理分类法，以帮助AI开发者识别并理解AI伦理的不同方面。该分类法提供了AI开发者在伦理问题上所关注的关键方面的全景视图。同时，我们分享了未来研究的议程，并为开发者、管理者及组织提出建议，以助力其更好地考量和实施AI伦理。