We improve the probabilistic lower bounds on the rates of hash codes and list-recoverable codes. For perfect $q$-hashing, we prove $R_q>B_q$ for every $q\geq 3$. Our main result concerns non-perfect hashing. For every $q\geq 4$, we prove $R_{q,3}>B_{q,3}+\frac{1}{250000}.$ In particular, the case $q=9$, combined with the Tetra code, strictly improves the Körner-Marton lower bound $R_3\geq \frac14\log(9/5)$ for trifferent codes. We also extend the method to $(p,2,3)$-list recovery. For every $q\geq 4$ and $0\leq p<\frac{q-2}{12(q-1)}$, we prove $R_q^{\mathrm{LR}}(p)>B_q^{\mathrm{LR}}(p)$. For every fixed $0\leq p<1/18$, the rate improvement is bounded below by a positive constant independent of $q\geq 4$. The same holds for every fixed $0\le p<1/12$ when $q$ is sufficiently large.

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