This paper studies the scheduling of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) at hospitals where the stochastic travel times and service times of AMRs are affected by the surrounding environment. The routes of AMRs are planned to minimize the daily cost of the hospital (including the AMR fixed cost, penalty cost of violating the time window, and transportation cost). To efficiently generate high-quality solutions, some properties are identified and incorporated into an improved tabu search (I-TS) algorithm for problem-solving. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the I-TS algorithm outperforms existing methods by producing high-quality solutions. Based on the characteristics of healthcare requests and the AMR working environment, scheduling AMRs reasonably can effectively provide medical services, improve the utilization of medical resources, and reduce hospital costs.

翻译：本文研究了医院中自主移动机器人（AMR）的调度问题，其中AMR的随机行程时间与服务时间受周围环境影响。通过规划AMR路径以最小化医院每日成本（包括AMR固定成本、违反时间窗的惩罚成本及运输成本）。为高效生成高质量解，本研究识别了若干优化特性并将其融入改进的禁忌搜索（I-TS）算法中进行问题求解。实验评估表明，I-TS算法通过生成高质量解优于现有方法。基于医疗请求特征与AMR工作环境，合理调度AMR能有效提供医疗服务、提升医疗资源利用率并降低医院运营成本。