As trapped-ion quantum computing scales to larger qubit registers and more complex control protocols, classical control systems face a fundamental tradeoff: sub-microsecond board-level feedback requires tight hardware coupling, whereas maintainability and extensibility require clean, modular software abstractions. This paper presents QuCtrl-BELL (Bell), a compiler-driven software stack for trapped-ion quantum control. The design resolves this tradeoff by decoupling control flow -- including loops, branches, and synchronization -- from hardware state data. A Python-embedded domain-specific language (DSL) is lowered through a six-stage transpilation pipeline covering control flow graph (CFG) construction, static single-assignment (SSA) conversion, liveness analysis, and graph-coloring register allocation. The compiler generates deterministic distributed board-level programs and compact step-table data. A cross-board synchronization protocol supports feedback loops with latency below 700~ns without host intervention. Bell is deployed and evaluated on the QuCtrl-BELL platform (RISC-V + PXIe), demonstrating that a compiler-based infrastructure can provide programmability, deterministic timing, and modularity for scalable trapped-ion quantum control.

翻译：随着捕获离子量子计算扩展到更大的量子比特寄存器和更复杂的控制协议，经典控制系统面临一个根本性权衡：亚微秒级板级反馈需要紧密的硬件耦合，而可维护性和可扩展性则需要清晰、模块化的软件抽象。本文提出了QuCtrl-BELL（Bell），一个编译器驱动的捕获离子量子控制软件栈。该设计通过将控制流（包括循环、分支和同步）与硬件状态数据解耦来解决这一权衡。一种嵌入Python的领域特定语言（DSL）经过六阶段转译流水线进行降级处理，涵盖控制流图（CFG）构建、静态单赋值（SSA）转换、活跃性分析和图染色寄存器分配。编译器生成确定性的分布式板级程序和紧凑的步进表数据。一种跨板同步协议支持反馈循环，延迟低于700纳秒，无需主机干预。Bell在QuCtrl-BELL平台（RISC-V + PXIe）上部署并评估，证明了基于编译器的基础设施能够为可扩展的捕获离子量子控制提供可编程性、确定性时序和模块化。