Data produced by on-chip sensors in modern SoCs contains a large amount of information such as occurring faults, aging status, accumulated radiation dose, performance characteristics, environmental and other operational parameters. Such information provides insight into the overall health of a system's hardware as well as the operability of individual modules. This gives a chance to mitigate faults and avoid using faulty units, thus enabling hardware health management. Raw data from embedded sensors cannot be immediately used to perform health management tasks. In most cases, the information about occurred faults needs to be analyzed taking into account the history of the previously reported fault events and other collected statistics. For this purpose, we propose a special structure called Health Map (HM) that holds the information about functional resources, occurring faults and maps relationships between these. In addition, we propose algorithms for aggregation and classification of data received from on-chip sensors. The proposed Health Map contains detailed information on a particular system level (e.g., module, SoC, board) that can be compiled into a summary of hardware health status that in its turn enables distributed hierarchical health management by using this information at a higher level of system hierarchy, thus increasing the system's availability and effective lifetime.

翻译：现代SoC中片上传感器产生的数据包含了大量信息，如发生的故障、老化状态、累积辐射剂量、性能特征、环境及其他运行参数。这些信息揭示了系统硬件的整体健康状况以及各个模块的可操作性，从而为缓解故障、避免使用故障单元提供了可能，进而实现硬件健康管理。嵌入式传感器的原始数据无法直接用于健康管理任务。在大多数情况下，需要结合先前报告的故障事件历史记录及其他收集的统计数据，对发生的故障信息进行分析。为此，我们提出了一种称为健康地图（HM）的特殊结构，该结构存储功能资源信息、发生的故障以及两者之间的关系映射。此外，我们还提出了从片上传感器接收数据的聚合与分类算法。所提出的健康地图包含特定系统层级（如模块、SoC、板卡）的详细信息，可编译为硬件健康状态摘要，进而通过在更高级系统层级利用该信息实现分布式分层健康管理，从而提升系统的可用性和有效生命周期。