Maritime communication is becoming a vital component of 6G networks, driven by the rapid expansion of the maritime economy. However, existing technologies face critical challenges in signal coverage, availability, and robustness, especially under harsh sea conditions. This paper proposes a novel framework for the maritime Internet-of-Things (IoT) communications that leverages the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) mounted on offshore infrastructures, such as wind turbines, to enhance coverage and reliability. To capture dynamic maritime environment, a near-ocean-surface channel model is developed considering the impact of sea waves. In addition, a wave energy harvesting (EH) system is designed to self-power IoT sensors for data acquisition, processing, and transmission. To support real-time adaptation, channel state information is continuously measured to optimize RIS reflection parameters and maximize multi-user communication rates. Simulation results show that the proposed system significantly improves IoT communication performance by over 20%, under harsh sea conditions.

翻译：海事通信正成为6G网络的重要组成部分，这主要受海洋经济快速扩张的驱动。然而，现有技术在信号覆盖范围、可用性和鲁棒性方面面临严峻挑战，尤其是在恶劣海况下。本文提出了一种新颖的海上物联网通信框架，该框架利用安装在海上基础设施（如风力涡轮机）上的可重构智能表面来增强覆盖范围和可靠性。为捕捉动态的海上环境，本文开发了一个考虑海浪影响的近海面信道模型。此外，还设计了一个波浪能量收集系统，用于为物联网传感器进行数据采集、处理和传输提供自供电。为支持实时自适应，系统持续测量信道状态信息以优化RIS反射参数，并最大化多用户通信速率。仿真结果表明，在恶劣海况下，所提出的系统能将物联网通信性能提升超过20%。