The disposal and recycling of electronic waste (e-waste) is a global challenge. The disassembly of components is a crucial step towards an efficient recycling process, avoiding the destructive methods. Although most disassembly work is still done manually due to the diversity and complexity of components, there is a growing interest in developing automated methods to improve efficiency and reduce labor costs. This study aims to robotize the desoldering process and extracting components from printed circuit boards (PCBs), with the goal of automating the process as much as possible. The proposed strategy consists of several phases, including the controlled contact of the robotic tool with the PCB components. A specific tool was developed to apply a controlled force against the PCB component, removing it from the board. The results demonstrate that it is feasible to remove the PCB components with a high success rate (approximately 100% for the bigger PCB components).

翻译：电子废弃物（e-waste）的处置与回收是一项全球性挑战。元件拆解是实现高效回收流程、避免破坏性处理方法的关键步骤。尽管由于元件的多样性与复杂性，绝大多数拆解工作仍依赖人工完成，但为提升效率并降低人力成本，自动化方法的研究正日益受到关注。本研究旨在实现印刷电路板（PCB）元件拆焊与提取过程的机器人化，以尽可能推动该流程自动化。提出的策略包含多个阶段，包括机器人工具与PCB元件的受控接触。研究开发了一种专用工具，可对PCB元件施加受控力并将其从电路板上移除。结果表明，该方法能够以高成功率（较大型PCB元件成功率约100%）完成PCB元件拆除。