The coordination of actions and the allocation of profit in supply chains under decentralized control play an important role in improving the profits of retailers and suppliers in the chain. We focus on supply chains under decentralized control in which noncompeting retailers can order from multiple suppliers to replenish their stocks. Suppliers' production capacity is bounded. The goal of the firms in the chain is to maximize their individual profits. As the outcome under decentralized control is inefficient, coordination of actions between cooperating agents can improve individual profits. Cooperative game theory is used to analyze cooperation between agents. We define multi-retailer-supplier games and show that agents can always achieve together an optimal profit and they have incentives to cooperate and to form the grand coalition. Moreover, we show that there always exist stable allocations of the total profit among the firms upon which no coalition can improve. Then we propose and characterize a stable allocation of the total surplus induced by cooperation.

翻译：在分散控制下的供应链中，协调行动与利润分配对于提升链内零售商和供应商的利润具有重要作用。本文聚焦于非竞争性零售商可从多个供应商处订购补货、且供应商产能受限的分散控制供应链。链内企业的目标为最大化自身利润。由于分散控制下的效率低下，合作主体之间的行动协调能够改善个体利润。我们运用合作博弈理论分析主体间的合作行为，定义了多零售商-供应商博弈，证明主体通过合作总能实现最优利润，且具有合作并形成大联盟的动机。此外，我们证明始终存在所有企业间总利润的稳定分配方案，使得任何联盟都无法进一步改善其收益。最后，我们提出并刻画了合作所产生总盈余的稳定分配机制。