On March 13, 2024, Ethereum implemented EIP-4844, designed to enhance its role as a data availability layer. While this upgrade reduces data posting costs for rollups, it also raises concerns about its impact on the consensus layer due to increased propagation sizes. Moreover, the broader effects on the overall Ethereum ecosystem remain largely unexplored. In this paper, we conduct an empirical analysis of the impact of EIP-4844 on consensus security, Ethereum usage, rollup transaction dynamics, and the blob gas fee mechanism. We explore changes in synchronization times, provide quantitative assessments of rollup and user behaviors, and deepen the understanding of the blob gas fee mechanism, highlighting both enhancements and areas of concern post-upgrade.

翻译：2024年3月13日，以太坊实施了EIP-4844，旨在增强其作为数据可用性层的作用。尽管此次升级降低了Rollup的数据发布成本，但也因传播数据量增大而引发了对共识层影响的担忧。此外，升级对以太坊整体生态系统的广泛影响尚未得到充分探索。本文对EIP-4844在共识安全、以太坊使用、Rollup交易动态及Blob Gas费机制方面的影响进行了实证分析。我们探究了同步时间的变化，对Rollup及用户行为提供了量化评估，并加深了对Blob Gas费机制的理解，揭示了升级后的改进之处与潜在问题。