We present a method for obtaining unbiased signal estimates in the presence of a significant background, eliminating the need for a parametric model for the background itself. Our approach is based on a minimal set of conditions for observation and background estimators, which are typically satisfied in practical scenarios. To showcase the effectiveness of our method, we apply it to simulated data from the planned dielectric axion haloscope MADMAX.

翻译：我们提出了一种在存在显著本底的情况下获得无偏信号估计的方法，无需为本底本身建立参数模型。该方法基于观测与本底估计器的一组最小条件，这些条件在实际场景中通常可满足。为展示本方法的有效性，我们将其应用于计划中的介质轴子谐振腔探测器MADMAX的模拟数据。