The problem of the real-time microwave imaging of small, moving objects from a scattering matrix, whose elements are measured scattering parameters, without diagonal elements is considered herein. An imaging algorithm based on a Kirchhoff migration operated at single frequency is designed, and its mathematical structure is investigated by establishing a relationship with an infinite series of Bessel functions of integer order and antenna configuration. This is based on the application of the Born approximation to the scattering parameters of small objects. The structure explains the reason for the detection of moving objects via a designed imaging function and supplies its some properties. To demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed algorithm, various simulations with real-data are conducted.

翻译：本文研究了基于散射矩阵（其元素为实测散射参数，不含对角线元素）对微小运动目标进行实时微波成像的问题。设计了一种基于基尔霍夫偏移的单频成像算法，并通过建立与整数阶贝塞尔函数无穷级数及天线配置的关系，探讨了其数学结构。该方法基于玻恩近似对小物体散射参数的应用。该结构解释了通过所设计的成像函数检测运动目标的原因，并提供了其若干特性。为展示所提算法的优势与不足，基于实测数据开展了多种仿真实验。