Generative AI models, including large language models and multimodal models that include text and other media, are on the cusp of transforming many aspects of modern life, including entertainment, education, civic life, the arts, and a range of professions. There is potential for Generative AI to have a substantive impact on the methods and pace of discovery for a range of scientific disciplines. We interviewed twenty scientists from a range of fields (including the physical, life, and social sciences) to gain insight into whether or how Generative AI technologies might add value to the practice of their respective disciplines, including not only ways in which AI might accelerate scientific discovery (i.e., research), but also other aspects of their profession, including the education of future scholars and the communication of scientific findings. In addition to identifying opportunities for Generative AI to augment scientists' current practices, we also asked participants to reflect on concerns about AI. These findings can help guide the responsible development of models and interfaces for scientific education, inquiry, and communication.

翻译：生成式AI模型，包括大型语言模型以及融合文本和其他媒体的多模态模型，正处在改变现代生活诸多方面的前沿，这些方面涵盖娱乐、教育、公共生活、艺术以及一系列职业。生成式AI有潜力对众多科学学科的研究方法和发现速度产生实质性影响。我们采访了来自不同领域（包括物理科学、生命科学和社会科学）的二十位科学家，以深入了解生成式AI技术是否或如何为其各自学科实践增添价值，其价值不仅体现在AI可能加速科学发现（即研究）的方面，还涉及他们职业的其他领域，包括培养未来学者和传播科学发现。除了识别生成式AI增强科学家当前实践的机遇外，我们还请参与者反思对AI的担忧。这些发现有助于指导面向科学教育、探究和传播的模型与界面的负责任开发。