E-commerce, a type of trading that occurs at a high frequency on the Internet, requires guaranteeing the integrity, authentication and non-repudiation of messages through long distance. As current e-commerce schemes are vulnerable to computational attacks, quantum cryptography, ensuring information-theoretic security against adversary's repudiation and forgery, provides a solution to this problem. However, quantum solutions generally have much lower performance compared to classical ones. Besides, when considering imperfect devices, the performance of quantum schemes exhibits a significant decline. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate the whole e-commerce process of involving the signing of a contract and payment among three parties by proposing a quantum e-commerce scheme, which shows resistance of attacks from imperfect devices. Results show that with a maximum attenuation of 25 dB among participants, our scheme can achieve a signature rate of 0.82 times per second for an agreement size of approximately 0.428 megabit. This proposed scheme presents a promising solution for providing information-theoretic security for e-commerce.

翻译：电子商务作为一种在互联网上高频发生的交易方式，需要确保长距离传输中消息的完整性、认证性和不可否认性。由于现有电子商务方案易受计算攻击，量子密码学凭借其抵抗对手否认和伪造的信息论安全性，为该问题提供了解决方案。然而，量子方案的性能普遍远低于经典方案。此外，在考虑非理想器件时，量子方案的性能会显著下降。本文首次通过提出一种量子电子商务方案，演示了涉及三方合同签署与支付的完整电子商务流程，该方案能够抵御非理想器件带来的攻击。实验结果表明，在参与者间最大衰减为25分贝的条件下，我们的方案可对约0.428兆比特的协议规模实现每秒0.82次的签名速率。该方案为电子商务提供信息论安全性展示了一条颇具前景的解决路径。