This article investigates challenges in reconciling heterogeneous records across cultural institutions, focusing on art historical photo archives within the PHAROS consortium. Through case studies, the study analyses reconciliation workflows and cataloguing traditions, with attention to institutional contexts, data granularities, and modelling strategies. Reconciliation is seldom a one-to-one operation. Ambiguities, incomplete data, shifting attributions, and varying practices shape outcomes. Strategies observed include the creation of anonymous or collective entities, the use of umbrella terms, the addition of uncertainty qualifiers, and reticence when ambiguity cannot be resolved. The article highlights the need to model uncertainty explicitly, offering a framework that connects technical reconciliation methods with institutional practices. Insights from PHAROS provide guidance for designing more robust, interoperable, and sustainable cultural heritage infrastructures.

翻译：本文研究了跨文化机构异构记录对齐的挑战，聚焦于PHAROS联盟内的艺术史照片档案。通过案例研究，本文分析了不同机构背景、数据粒度和建模策略下的对齐工作流程与编目传统。对齐操作极少是一对一的对应关系。数据模糊性、信息不完整、归属关系变动以及实践差异共同影响着对齐结果。观察到的应对策略包括创建匿名或集体实体、使用统称术语、添加不确定性限定词，以及在模糊性无法解决时保持审慎保留。本文强调显式建模不确定性的必要性，提出了一个将技术对齐方法与机构实践相连接的框架。来自PHAROS的实践经验为设计更稳健、可互操作且可持续的文化遗产基础设施提供了指导。