Efficient planning of scarce resources in hospitals is a challenging task for which a large variety of Operations Research and Management Science approaches have been developed since the 1950s. While efficient planning of single resources such as operating rooms, beds, or specific types of staff can already lead to enormous efficiency gains, integrated planning of several resources has been shown to hold even greater potential, and a large number of integrated planning approaches have been presented in the literature over the past decades. This paper provides the first literature review that focuses specifically on the Operations Research and Management Science literature related to integrated planning of different resources in hospitals. We collect the relevant literature and analyze it regarding different aspects such as uncertainty modeling and the use of real-life data. Several cross comparisons reveal interesting insights concerning, e.g., relations between the modeling and solution methods used and the practical implementation of the approaches developed. Moreover, we provide a high-level taxonomy for classifying different resource-focused integration approaches and point out gaps in the literature as well as promising directions for future research.

翻译：医院稀缺资源的有效规划是一项具有挑战性的任务，自20世纪50年代以来，已有大量运筹学与管理科学方法为此开发。虽然对手术室、病床或特定类型人员等单一资源的有效规划已能带来显著的效率提升，但多种资源的综合规划被证明蕴含着更大潜力。在过去几十年中，文献中已涌现出大量综合规划方法。本文首次系统综述了与医院不同资源综合规划相关的运筹学与管理科学文献。我们收集了相关文献，并从不确定性建模、真实数据应用等多个角度进行分析。多项交叉比较揭示了有趣的观点，例如建模与求解方法的使用之间，以及所开发方法的实际实施之间的关系。此外，我们提出了一个用于分类不同资源导向型综合方法的高层级分类体系，指出了文献中的空白，并为未来研究提供了有前景的方向。