Appropriately regulating artificial intelligence is an increasingly urgent policy challenge. Legislatures and regulators lack the specialized knowledge required to best translate public demands into legal requirements. Overreliance on industry self-regulation fails to hold producers and users of AI systems accountable to democratic demands. Regulatory markets, in which governments require the targets of regulation to purchase regulatory services from a private regulator, are proposed. This approach to AI regulation could overcome the limitations of both command-and-control regulation and self-regulation. Regulatory market could enable governments to establish policy priorities for the regulation of AI, whilst relying on market forces and industry R&D efforts to pioneer the methods of regulation that best achieve policymakers' stated objectives.

翻译：对人工智能进行适当监管是一个日益紧迫的政策挑战。立法机构和监管机构缺乏所需专业知识，难以将公众需求最佳地转化为法律要求。过度依赖行业自我监管会导致人工智能系统生产者和使用者无法对民主需求负责。本文提出监管市场，即政府要求监管对象向私营监管机构购买监管服务。这种人工智能监管方法能够克服指令性监管与自我监管的双重局限。监管市场可使政府确立人工智能监管的政策优先事项，同时借助市场力量与行业研发努力，开创最能实现政策制定者既定目标的监管方法。