项目名称： 催化剂固体表界面结构的原位高分辨电子显微学研究

项目编号： No.91545119

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 张炳森

作者单位： 中国科学院金属研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 原位动态观察反应中催化剂固体表界面结构特征对理解反应机制、调控制备高效催化剂具有重大作用。随着电子显微学的发展，多极差分真空系统的环境透射电镜和基于MEMS技术的纳米反应器可以原位揭示反应中催化剂的微结构并取得显著进展，但该表征分析手段仍存在一些问题，如：如何在真实反应气氛和加热条件获取高分辨表界面结构特征；如何排除电子束辐照影响；如何获取结构特征的同时分析反应产物，使结构-性能实时关联。针对碳基能源转化与利用重大研究计划中“建立和发展高分辨表征手段，实现在实际催化反应条件下对反应过程进行精准表征”的研究内容，本项目拟开展原位高分辨电子显微术表征解析催化剂表界面结构研究：拟建立原位电子显微学表征平台；以碳载金属催化剂为模型材料，乙炔选择加氢和一氧化碳氧化为探针反应，探索工作状态下催化剂的表界面原子尺度结构特征，并同时与性能关联；拓展此方法用于研究其他类型碳基能源转化反应，探索相应反应机制。

中文关键词： 原位观测；电子显微学；表界面结构；构效关系；碳载催化剂

英文摘要： Heterogeneous catalysis is a dynamic process, so direct observation of the microstructure, compositional evolution, valence state and the active sites of a catalyst under dynamic reaction conditions is highly desired to understand the reaction mechanism and design high efficent catalysts. It is difficult to in-situ explore the surface and interface structures of the solid catalysts in working stage at atomic scale. With the development of electron microscopy techniques, it is possible to detect and trace the fine structures of catalysts in reaction environment. However, many scientific and technical problems need to be resolved to realize the in-situ investigation, such as how to obtain atomic structure of catalysts in E-cell under atmospheric and heating conditions, how to avoid the electron-beam damages, how to simultaneous monitor the catalyst activity during the reaction while making the nanostructural characterization of the catalyst. In this proposal, the in-situ dynamic revealing atomic surface and interface structure and correlating with reaction path and mechanism were aimed. The in-situ characterization platform in electron microscope will be set up, including the design of E-cell. The carbon supported metal materials are as model catalysts, and the acetylene-selective hydrogenation and CO oxidation are as probing reactions. The structure-performance correlation will be explored at atomic level in real time and real environment. This method will be used to detect and establish the reaction mechanism in some typical reactions of carbon based energy convergen and utilization. The results will provide a new example for developing in-situ characterization method and the scientific evidences for designing new-type catalysts with high performance.

英文关键词： In-situ observation;Electron microscopy;Surface and interface structure;Structure-function relationship;Carbon supported catalysts