项目名称： 基于接触力学的圆锥滚子修形对轴承振动的影响机理研究

项目编号： No.51505201

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 何贞志

作者单位： 江苏师范大学

项目金额： 19万元

中文摘要： 滚动轴承的振动和噪声是重要的质量评价参数，滚子修形是影响轴承振动的主要因素之一。滚子的修形设计作为消除接触副的“边缘效应”、提高滚动轴承寿命的有效途径，已广泛应用于轴承设计中，然而关于滚子修形对轴承振动的影响机理尚未明确。本项目重点解决以下科学问题：基于修形滚子和滚道接触变形的数值解，提出接触变形经验公式的数据拟合方法；建立修形圆锥滚子轴承的等效刚度和阻尼分析模型，研究滚子修形对接触力学特性的影响；建立联合载荷下修形圆锥滚子轴承系统多自由度非线性动力学模型，通过振动特性分析，探索滚子修形对轴承振动的影响机理；实验研究滚子修形对轴承振动的影响；考虑轴承的振动水平、疲劳寿命及接触副的接触应力分布，研究滚子修形的优化设计方法。研究结果有望为修形滚子轴承的减振降噪研究提供理论和实验依据，为滚子修形设计方法的研究提供新思路。

中文关键词： 接触力学；动力学建模；振动机理；圆锥滚子轴承；滚子修形

英文摘要： The vibration and noise of rolling element bearing affect performances of the bearing, so they have become the significant parameters in accessing quality of the bearings. For tapered roller bearings, one of the major factors caused vibrations is the generatrix shape of tapered roller. Thus, the crowning design of generatrix shape for vibration suppression is paid more and more attentions recently. The crowning design for tapered rollers has been shown its availability to eliminate or reduce the stress concentration of the contact pair and to elongate the fatigue life of bearings, therefore it plays an important role in tapered roller bearing design. However, its benefit for bearing vibration suppression is not clear yet and needs to be further studied. The project focused on solving the following scientific problem: Firstly, based on the numerical solutions of deformations of contact pair between crowned roller and raceway, the data fitting method is presented to calculate the empirical formula of contact deformation. Secondly, by establishing the analysis model of equivalent stiffness and damping of crowned tapered roller bearings, the effect of roller crowning on the contact mechanical characteristics of bearings is studied. Thirdly, a multi-degree of freedom nonlinear dynamic model of crowned tapered roller bearings under both axial and radial loads is established by mean of the contact mechanics. The influence mechanism of roller crowning on bearing vibration is discussed according to the vibration characteristics analysis. Fourthly, experimental study of the impact of crowned roller on bearing vibration is established. Finally, an optimum crowning design method is studied, which considered the vibration level, fatigue life of bearings and stress distribution of contact pairs. The results are expected to provide not only the theoretical and experimental guidance for the design of vibration and noise reduction of roller bearing, but also the new approach for the roller crowning design.

英文关键词： Contact Mechanics;Dynamic Model;Vibration Mechanism;Tapered Roller Bearing;Roller Crowning