The European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act aims to regulate manipulative and harmful uses of AI, but lacks precise definitions for key concepts. This paper provides technical recommendations to improve the Act's conceptual clarity and enforceability. We review psychological models to define "personality traits," arguing the Act should protect full "psychometric profiles." We urge expanding "behavior" to include "preferences" since preferences causally influence and are influenced by behavior. Clear definitions are provided for "subliminal," "manipulative," and "deceptive" techniques, considering incentives, intent, and covertness. We distinguish "exploiting individuals" from "exploiting groups," emphasising different policy needs. An "informed decision" is defined by four facets: comprehension, accurate information, no manipulation, and understanding AI's influence. We caution the Act's therapeutic use exemption given the lack of regulation of digital therapeutics by the EMA. Overall, the recommendations strengthen definitions of vague concepts in the EU AI Act, enhancing precise applicability to regulate harmful AI manipulation.

翻译：欧盟《人工智能法案》旨在监管人工智能的操纵性与有害使用，但缺乏对关键概念的精准界定。本文提出技术性建议以提升法案的概念清晰度与可执行性。通过回顾心理学模型界定"人格特质"，主张法案应保护完整的"心理测量档案"。我们建议将"行为"扩展至包括"偏好"，因为偏好与行为之间存在因果影响与相互塑造关系。针对"潜意识"、"操纵性"与"欺骗性"技术，结合激励、意图与隐蔽性要素提供了明确定义。区分"利用个体"与"利用群体"，强调需制定差异化的政策需求。"知情决策"被界定为四个维度：理解力、准确信息、无操纵及认知人工智能的影响。鉴于欧洲药品管理局对数字疗法缺乏监管，我们警示该法案治疗性使用豁免条款的风险。总体而言，本建议强化了《欧盟人工智能法案》中模糊概念的定义，提升了规范有害人工智能操纵的精准适用性。