Multi-cloud strategies are increasingly adopted by modern enterprises to improve agility and resilience and to reduce vendor lock-in. Integrating workloads across providers, such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Alibaba Cloud, remains challenging due to interoperability and migration issues. This paper presents a comparative analysis of AWS and Alibaba Cloud, focusing on architectural, service, and policy differences affecting workload migration. Using both provider-native and open source Infrastructure-as-Code tools, we conduct an exploratory case study about the migration of Internet of Things (IoT) workloads. The results highlight key technical trade-offs and best practices for secure multi-cloud deployments, offering guidance for organizations pursuing AWS and Alibaba Cloud interoperability.

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