Algorithms for initializing particle distribution in SPH simulations of complex geometries have been proven essential for improving the accuracy of SPH simulations. However, no such algorithms exist for boundary integral SPH models, which can model complex geometries without needing virtual particle layers. This study introduces a Boundary Integral based Particle Initialization (BIPI) algorithm. It consists of a particle-shifting technique carefully designed to redistribute particles to fit the boundary by using the boundary integral formulation for particles adjacent to the boundary. The proposed BIPI algorithm gives special consideration to particles adjacent to the boundary to prevent artificial volume compression. It can automatically produce a "uniform" particle distribution with reduced and stabilized concentration gradient for domains with complex geometrical shapes. Finally, a number of examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

翻译：在平滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）模拟中，针对复杂几何形状的粒子分布初始化算法已被证明对提高SPH模拟精度至关重要。然而，目前尚无适用于边界积分SPH模型的此类算法——该模型无需虚拟粒子层即可模拟复杂几何形状。本研究提出了一种基于边界积分的粒子初始化（BIPI）算法。该算法包含一种精心设计的粒子移位技术，通过利用邻近边界粒子的边界积分公式重新分布粒子以贴合边界。所提出的BIPI算法特别考虑了邻近边界的粒子，以防止人为体积压缩。它能够自动生成具有降低且稳定化浓度梯度的“均匀”粒子分布，适用于复杂几何形状的域。最后，通过多个算例验证了该算法的有效性。