This work presents a web-based, open-source path tracer for rendering physically-based 3D scenes using WebGPU and the OpenPBR surface shading model. While rasterization has been the dominant real-time rendering technique on the web since WebGL's introduction in 2011, it struggles with global illumination. This necessitates more complex techniques, often relying on pregenerated artifacts to attain the desired level of visual fidelity. Path tracing inherently addresses these limitations but at the cost of increased rendering time. Our work focuses on industrial applications where highly customizable products are common and real-time performance is not critical. We leverage WebGPU to implement path tracing on the web, integrating the OpenPBR standard for physically-based material representation. The result is a near real-time path tracer capable of rendering high-fidelity 3D scenes directly in web browsers, eliminating the need for pregenerated assets. Our implementation demonstrates the potential of WebGPU for advanced rendering techniques and opens new possibilities for web-based 3D visualization in industrial applications.

翻译：本研究提出了一种基于Web的开源路径追踪器，利用WebGPU与OpenPBR表面着色模型实现基于物理的3D场景渲染。自2011年WebGL问世以来，光栅化始终是Web端主导的实时渲染技术，但其在全局光照处理方面存在局限。这通常需要依赖预生成的人工制品来实现所需的视觉保真度，导致技术复杂度增加。路径追踪技术本质上能解决这些限制，但代价是渲染时间延长。我们的研究聚焦于工业应用领域，该领域常见高度定制化产品且对实时性能要求不高。我们利用WebGPU在Web端实现路径追踪，并集成OpenPBR标准以实现基于物理的材质表达。最终开发出能在网页浏览器中直接渲染高保真3D场景的近实时路径追踪器，无需依赖预生成资源。本实现方案证明了WebGPU在高级渲染技术中的应用潜力，为工业领域的Web端3D可视化开辟了新可能。