Robust spatial audio control relies on accurate acoustic propagation models, yet environmental variations, especially changes in the speed of sound, cause systematic mismatches that degrade performance. Existing methods either assume known sound speed, require multiple microphones, or rely on separate calibration, making them impractical for systems with minimal sensing. We propose an online sound speed estimator that operates during general multichannel audio playback and requires only a single observation microphone. The method exploits the structured effect of sound speed on the reproduced signal and estimates it by minimizing the mismatch between the measured audio and a parametric acoustic model. Simulations show accurate tracking of sound speed for diverse input signals and improved spatial control performance when the estimates are used to compensate propagation errors in a sound zone control framework.

翻译：鲁棒的空间音频控制依赖于精确的声学传播模型，然而环境变化，尤其是声速的改变，会导致系统性失配，从而降低控制性能。现有方法要么假设声速已知，要么需要多个麦克风，或依赖单独的校准过程，这使得它们在传感配置极简的系统中不切实际。我们提出了一种在线声速估计器，该估计器在通用多通道音频播放过程中运行，且仅需单个观测麦克风。该方法利用了声速对重放信号的结构化影响，通过最小化测量音频与参数化声学模型之间的失配来估计声速。仿真结果表明，该方法能准确跟踪不同输入信号下的声速变化，并且当将估计值用于补偿声区控制框架中的传播误差时，空间控制性能得到显著提升。