In this paper, we examine the distribution of radio signal propagation within the city of Poznan (Poland) to determine optimal locations for deploying Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS). The study focuses on designing a 5G/6G Radio Access Network (RAN), incorporating eight Base Stations (BSs) that utilize either Single Input Single Output (SISO), or Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna technologies, depending on the network cell configuration. Through detailed simulations and analyses, we explore various propagation scenarios in both Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) conditions, considering the complex urban landscape characterized by high-rise buildings. The results demonstrate the potential of using RISs in mobile networks to enhance radio signal quality in urban environments through strategic placements. Our findings suggest that RISs can significantly mitigate Path Loss (PL) and improve signal coverage in challenging urban environments, particularly in areas where traditional base station deployment alone would be insufficient. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of RISs in reducing the need for additional base stations, thereby optimizing network costs and infrastructure while maintaining high-quality service delivery. The insights gained from this research provide valuable guidelines for network planners and engineers seeking to implement RIS technology in future 5G and beyond networks, ensuring more efficient and robust urban communication systems.

翻译：本文研究了波兰波兹南市内无线电信号传播分布，以确定部署可重构智能表面（RIS）的最佳位置。研究聚焦于5G/6G无线接入网络（RAN）设计，包含八个基站（BS），根据网络小区配置采用单输入单输出（SISO）或多输入多输出（MIMO）天线技术。通过详细仿真与分析，我们探索了视距（LOS）与非视距（NLOS）条件下的多种传播场景，并考虑以高层建筑为特征的复杂城市景观。结果表明，在移动网络中策略性部署RIS可增强城市环境中的无线信号质量。我们的发现表明，RIS能够显著缓解路径损耗（PL），并在传统基站部署不足的复杂城市区域改善信号覆盖。此外，研究强调了RIS在减少额外基站需求方面的作用，从而在保持高质量服务交付的同时优化网络成本与基础设施。本研究获得的见解为网络规划者和工程师提供了宝贵指导，助力其在未来5G及后续网络中实施RIS技术，确保更高效、稳健的城市通信系统。