Web3 brings an emerging outlook for the value of decentralization, boosting the decentralized infrastructure. People can benefit from Web3, facilitated by the advances in distributed ledger technology, to read, write and own web content, services and applications more freely without revealing their real identities. Although the features and merits of Web3 have been widely discussed, the network architecture of Web3 and how to achieve complete decentralization considering law compliance in Web3 are still unclear. Here, we propose a perspective of Web3 architecture, deController, consisting of underlay and overlay network as Web3 infrastructures to underpin services and applications. The functions of underlay and overlay and their interactions are illustrated. Meanwhile, the security and privacy of Web3 are analyzed based on a novel design of three-tier identities cooperating with deController. Furthermore, the impacts of laws on privacy and cyber sovereignty to achieve Web3 are discussed.

翻译：Web3为去中心化价值带来了新兴前景，推动了去中心化基础设施的发展。借助分布式账本技术的进步，人们可以在不暴露真实身份的情况下，更自由地读取、编写和拥有Web内容、服务和应用，从而受益于Web3。尽管Web3的特征和优势已被广泛讨论，但Web3的网络架构以及如何在兼顾法律合规的前提下实现完全去中心化仍不明确。本文提出了一种Web3架构视角——deController，由底层网络和覆盖层网络构成Web3基础设施，以支撑服务和应用。我们阐述了底层网络与覆盖层网络的功能及其交互机制。同时，基于新型的三层身份与deController协同设计，分析了Web3的安全与隐私问题。此外，还讨论了法律对隐私和网络主权的影响，以实现Web3。