The current state, emerging trends, and practical challenges of optical fiber-based power network SCADA quantum communication must be addressed to fully utilize the technological platform's potential in real-world power system SCADA communications involving massive volumes of real-time data, as well as in managing, encoding, and applications such as quantum cryptography. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is an essential part of the cybersecurity paradigm for quantum communication. Even though quantum computing with individual circuits yields probabilistic outcomes for the problem at hand, real-world datasets are complex and challenging to handle, even with telemetry. When using the cybersecurity triad of availability, confidentiality, and integrity (CIA) in reverse order (AIC), availability is given priority in electric power networks. This research assesses the use of the BB84, E91, B92, and SARG04 cryptographic protocols by applying them to large, multivariate power-system SCADA datasets and comparing the outcomes. By leveraging the variety of QKD protocols available with quantum electronics hardware, this simulation work provides a promising avenue for developing implementable frameworks and deploying SCADA/PMU networks in actual power systems.

翻译：为充分发挥光纤电力网络SCADA量子通信技术平台在包含海量实时数据的实际电力系统SCADA通信中的潜力，以及在量子密码等管理、编码与应用中的效能，必须解决其当前状态、新兴趋势及实际挑战。量子密钥分发（QKD）是量子通信网络安全范式的重要组成部分。即便基于单量子电路的量子计算对当前问题仅能给出概率性结果，实际数据集（包括遥测量）的处理依然复杂且极具挑战。在采用可用性、机密性与完整性（CIA）网络安全三要素的逆序（AIC）原则时，电力网络优先保障可用性。本研究通过将BB84、E91、B92和SARG04密码协议应用于大规模多变量电力系统SCADA数据集并比较其结果，评估了这些协议的应用效果。本仿真工作利用量子电子硬件可用的多种QKD协议，为开发可实施框架以及在实际电力系统中部署SCADA/PMU网络提供了有前景的途径。