This paper addresses the challenge of robust cellular connectivity in dense, underdeveloped urban environments, specifically focusing on Kathmandu, Nepal. As cities grow, existing cellular infrastructure struggles to meet the demand for reliable, high-throughput, and low-latency communication services. The lack of investment in new technologies and the intricacies of the cities' landscape pose even more difficulties for robust connectivity. This work addresses the above challenges in a cost-effective and flexible way. We investigate the deployment of LTE Nomadic Nodes (NNs) at scale in order to enhance network capacity and coverage. Utilising a Digital Twin (DT), we simulate and optimise NN placement, considering Kathmandu's physical and environmental characteristics. Our approach leverages the DRIVE DT framework, which enables the systemic evaluation of various network configurations and user mobility scenarios. The results demonstrate that NNs significantly improve signal strength and expected user datarates, presenting a viable solution for enhancing urban cellular connectivity.

翻译：本文针对密集欠发达城市环境中稳健蜂窝连接的挑战，以尼泊尔加德满都为例展开研究。随着城市扩张，现有蜂窝基础设施难以满足可靠、高吞吐量、低延迟通信服务的需求。新技术投资的缺乏与城市地貌的复杂性进一步加剧了稳健连接的实现难度。本研究以经济高效且灵活的方式应对上述挑战。我们探索大规模部署LTE游牧节点以提升网络容量与覆盖范围。通过构建数字孪生模型，结合加德满都的物理与环境特征，对游牧节点布局进行仿真优化。该方法采用DRIVE数字孪生框架，支持系统化评估不同网络配置与用户移动场景。结果表明，游牧节点能显著提升信号强度与用户预期数据速率，为增强城市蜂窝连接提供了可行解决方案。