The growing reliance on software in road vehicles has led to the emergence of Software-Defined Vehicles (SDV). This work analyzes SDV security and privacy through a systematic literature review complemented by an industry questionnaire across the automotive supply chain. The analysis is structured as four research questions and results in a security framework serving as a roadmap for SDV protection. The findings emphasize addressing mixed-criticality architectural challenges, deploying layered security mechanisms, and integrating privacy-preserving techniques. The results highlight the need to harmonize in-vehicle and cloud-based defenses to strengthen cybersecurity and V2X resilience in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS).

翻译：随着道路车辆对软件的依赖日益增强，软件定义车辆（SDV）应运而生。本研究通过系统性文献综述，并辅以涵盖汽车供应链的行业问卷调查，对SDV的安全与隐私问题进行了分析。该分析围绕四个研究问题展开，最终形成一个安全框架，可作为SDV保护的路线图。研究结果强调需应对混合关键性架构挑战、部署分层安全机制，以及集成隐私保护技术。相关结论凸显了在智能交通系统（ITS）中协调车载防御与云端防御，以强化网络安全及车联网（V2X）弹性的必要性。