We consider a next generation wireless network incorporating a base station a set of typically low-cost and faulty Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs). The base station needs to select the path including the RIS to provide the maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to the user. We study the effect of the number of elements, distance and RIS hardware failure on the path outage probability, and based on the known signal propagation model at high frequencies, derive the closed-form expression for the said probability of outage. Numerical results show the path outage likelihood as function of the probability of hardware failure of RIS elements, the number of elements, and the distance between mobile users and the RIS.

翻译：我们考虑一种包含基站和一组通常低成本且存在故障的可重构智能表面(RIS)的下一代无线网络。基站需要选择包含RIS的路径，以向用户提供最大信噪比(SNR)。我们研究了元素数量、距离以及RIS硬件故障对路径中断概率的影响，并基于已知的高频信号传播模型，推导出所述中断概率的闭式表达式。数值结果展示了路径中断可能性作为RIS元素硬件故障概率、元素数量以及移动用户与RIS之间距离的函数关系。