This article presents a modeling framework to characterize evacuees' response to environmental stimuli during emergency egress, especially in fire and smoke condition. The model is developed in consistency with stress theory, which explains how an organism reacts to environmental stressors. We integrate the theory into the well-known social-force model and apply the method to simulate crowd evacuation behavior in building emergency egress. The algorithm has been tested in FDS+EVAC.

翻译：本文提供了一个模型框架,用以描述疏散人员在紧急降水期间对环境刺激的反应,特别是在火灾和烟雾条件下的反应。该模型是与压力理论相一致的,该理论解释了生物体如何对环境压力作出反应。我们将该理论纳入著名的社会力量模型,并在建立紧急降水时采用模拟人群疏散行为的方法。该算法已在FDS+EVAC中测试。