The demand for social robots in fields like healthcare, education, and entertainment increases due to their emotional adaptation features. These robots leverage multimodal communication, incorporating speech, facial expressions, and gestures to enhance user engagement and emotional support. The understanding of design paradigms of social robots is obstructed by the complexity of the system and the necessity to tune it to a specific task. This article provides a structured review of social robot design paradigms, categorizing them into cognitive architectures, role design models, linguistic models, communication flow, activity system models, and integrated design models. By breaking down the articles on social robot design and application based on these paradigms, we highlight the strengths and areas for improvement in current approaches. We further propose our original integrated design model that combines the most important aspects of the design of social robots. Our approach shows the importance of integrating operational, communicational, and emotional dimensions to create more adaptive and empathetic interactions between robots and humans.

翻译：由于社交机器人具备情感适应特性，其在医疗、教育和娱乐等领域的应用需求日益增长。这类机器人利用多模态通信（包括语音、面部表情和手势）来增强用户参与度并提供情感支持。然而，系统的复杂性以及针对特定任务进行调适的必要性，阻碍了对社交机器人设计范式的深入理解。本文对社交机器人设计范式进行了系统性综述，将其归纳为认知架构、角色设计模型、语言模型、通信流模型、活动系统模型以及集成设计模型等类别。基于这些范式对社交机器人设计与应用的相关文献进行解构分析，我们揭示了现有方法的优势与待改进之处。进一步，我们提出了一种原创的集成设计模型，该模型融合了社交机器人设计中最关键的要素。我们的研究表明，整合操作维度、通信维度与情感维度对于构建更具适应性与共情能力的机器人-人类交互至关重要。