Live music provides a uniquely rich setting for studying creativity and interaction due to its spontaneous nature. The pursuit of live music agents--intelligent systems supporting real-time music performance and interaction--has captivated researchers across HCI, AI, and computer music for decades, and recent advancements in AI suggest unprecedented opportunities to evolve their design. However, the interdisciplinary nature of music has led to fragmented development across research communities, hindering effective communication and collaborative progress. In this work, we bring together perspectives from these diverse fields to map the current landscape of live music agents. Based on our analysis of 184 systems across both academic literature and video, we develop a comprehensive design space that categorizes dimensions spanning usage contexts, interactions, technologies, and ecosystems. By highlighting trends and gaps in live music agents, our design space offers researchers, designers, and musicians a structured lens to understand existing systems and shape future directions in real-time human-AI music co-creation. We release our annotated systems as a living artifact at https://live-music-agents.github.io.

翻译：现场音乐因其即兴特性，为研究创造力和互动提供了独特而丰富的场景。数十年来，现场音乐智能体——支持实时音乐表演与互动的智能系统——的研究一直吸引着人机交互、人工智能和计算机音乐领域的研究者，而人工智能的最新进展为这类系统的设计演进带来了前所未有的机遇。然而，音乐的跨学科特性导致不同研究社区的发展呈现碎片化，阻碍了有效的交流与合作进展。在本研究中，我们整合了来自这些不同领域的视角，以描绘当前现场音乐智能体的发展图景。基于对学术文献和视频中184个系统的分析，我们构建了一个综合性的设计空间，该空间从使用情境、交互方式、技术实现和生态系统等多个维度对现有系统进行分类。通过揭示现场音乐智能体的发展趋势与空白领域，我们的设计空间为研究者、设计者和音乐家提供了一个结构化视角，以理解现有系统并塑造未来实时人机音乐共创的发展方向。我们已将标注的系统集作为动态研究资源发布于 https://live-music-agents.github.io。