Executable QR codes, also known as eQR codes or just sQRy, are a special kind of QR codes that embed programs conceived to run on mobile devices like smartphones. Since the program is directly encoded in binary form within the QR code, it can be executed even when the reading device is not provided with Internet access. The applications of this technology are manifold, and range from smart user guides to advisory systems. The first programming language made available for eQR is QRtree, which enables the implementation of decision trees aimed, for example, at guiding the user in operating/maintaining a complex machinery or for reaching a specific location. In this work, an additional language is proposed, we term QRind, which was specifically devised for Industry. It permits to integrate distinct computational blocks into the QR code, e.g., machine learning models to enable predictive maintenance and algorithms to ease machinery usage. QRind permits the Industry 4.0/5.0 paradigms to be implemented, in part, also in those cases where Internet is unavailable.

翻译：可执行二维码（亦称eQR码或sQRy）是一种特殊类型的二维码，其内嵌程序专为智能手机等移动设备运行而设计。由于程序以二进制形式直接编码于二维码中，即使读取设备未接入互联网亦可执行。该技术应用场景广泛，涵盖智能用户指南至咨询系统等多个领域。首个为eQR开发的编程语言QRtree支持实现决策树，例如用于指导用户操作/维护复杂机械设备或抵达特定位置。本研究提出一种专为工业设计的新型语言QRind，其允许在二维码中集成独立计算模块（如支持预测性维护的机器学习模型和简化设备使用的算法）。QRind使得工业4.0/5.0范式在无网络连接场景下也能得到部分实现。