This brief paper provides an introduction to non-discrimination law in Europe. It answers the questions: What are the key characteristics of non-discrimination law in Europe, and how do the different statutes relate to one another? Our main target group is computer scientists and users of artificial intelligence (AI) interested in an introduction to non-discrimination law in Europe. Notably, non-discrimination law in Europe differs significantly from non-discrimination law in other countries, such as the US. We aim to describe the law in such a way that non-lawyers and non-European lawyers can easily grasp its contents and challenges. The paper shows that the human right to non-discrimination, to some extent, protects individuals against private actors, such as companies. We introduce the EU-wide non-discrimination rules which are included in a number of EU directives, and also explain the difference between direct and indirect discrimination. Significantly, an organization can be fined for indirect discrimination even if the company, or its AI system, discriminated by accident. The last section broadens the horizon to include bias-relevant law and cases from the GDPR, the EU AI Act, and related statutes. Finally, we give reading tips for those inclined to learn more about non-discrimination law in Europe.

翻译：本文为欧洲反歧视法提供简要入门介绍，回答以下问题：欧洲反歧视法的主要特征是什么？不同法律条文之间如何相互关联？我们的主要目标读者是对欧洲反歧视法感兴趣的计算科学家与人工智能（AI）用户。值得注意的是，欧洲反歧视法与美国等其他国家存在显著差异。我们旨在以非法律专业人士与非欧洲律师易于理解的方式阐述法律内容及其挑战。本文表明，非歧视人权在一定程度上保护个人免受企业等私人行为体的侵害。我们介绍了纳入多项欧盟指令的欧盟层面反歧视规则，并阐释了直接歧视与间接歧视的区别。值得注意的是，即使企业或其AI系统是无意间构成歧视，该组织仍可能因间接歧视而面临处罚。最后章节将视角拓展至《通用数据保护条例》（GDPR）、《欧盟人工智能法案》及相关法规中涉及偏见的法律与案例。此外，我们为希望深入了解欧洲反歧视法的读者提供了延伸阅读建议。