Wikipedia is a well-known platform for disseminating knowledge, and scientific sources, such as journal articles, play a critical role in supporting its mission. The open access movement aims to make scientific knowledge openly available, and we might intuitively expect open access to help further Wikipedia's mission. However, the extent of this relationship remains largely unknown. To fill this gap, we analyze a large dataset of citations from Wikipedia and model the role of open access in Wikipedia's citation patterns. We find that open-access articles are extensively and increasingly more cited in Wikipedia. What is more, they show a 15% higher likelihood of being cited in Wikipedia when compared to closed-access articles, after controlling for confounding factors. This open-access citation effect is particularly strong for articles with low citation counts, including recently published ones. Our results show that open access plays a key role in the dissemination of scientific knowledge, including by providing Wikipedia editors timely access to novel results. These findings have important implications for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in the field of information science and technology.

翻译：维基百科作为广为人知的知识传播平台，学术文献（如期刊论文）在其使命实现中发挥着关键作用。开放获取运动旨在促进科学知识的开放式传播，从直觉上我们预期开放获取将有助于维基百科实现其目标，然而二者之间的关联程度仍鲜为人知。为填补这一研究空白，我们分析了维基百科引用数据集，并构建模型探究开放获取在维基百科引用模式中的作用。研究发现，开放获取文章在维基百科中被引用比例更高且呈持续增长趋势。更值得注意的是，在控制混杂因素后，开放获取文章被维基百科引用的可能性较非开放获取文章高出15%。这种开放获取引用效应在低被引频次文献（包括近期发表文献）中尤为显著。研究结果表明，开放获取在科学知识传播中发挥关键作用，包括为维基百科编辑者提供及时获取新研究成果的途径。这些发现对信息科学与技术领域的研究者、政策制定者及实践者具有重要启示意义。