The Internet of Things (IoT) is regarded as an improved communication system that has revolutionized traditional lifestyles. To function successfully, IoT requires a combination of cloud, fog, and edge computing architectures. Few studies have addressed cloud, fog, and edge computing simultaneously, comparing them and their issues, although several studies have looked into ways of integrating IoT with either one or two computing systems. Thus, this review provides a thorough understanding of IoT integration with these three computing architectures, as well as their respective applications and limitations. It also highlights the advantages, unresolved issues, future opportunities and directions of IoT integration with the computing systems to advance the IoT. IoT can use the Cloud's almost limitless resources to overcome technology restrictions, such as data processing, storage, and transmission. While edge computing can outperform cloud computing in many circumstances, IoT and edge computing become increasingly integrated as IoT devices increase. Cloud computing also poses a few issues, including managing time-sensitive IoT applications like video gaming, simulation, and streaming, which can be addressed by fog computing integrated with IoT. Due to the proximity of fog computing resources to the edge, data transfers and communication delays to the cloud can be reduced as a result of combining the two. The integration of IoT with cloud, fog, and edge computing will create new business prototypes and opportunities. Since IoT has the potential to greatly enhance connectivity infrastructure as an inevitable component of the future internet, further study is needed before it can be fully integrated.

翻译：物联网被视为一种改进的通信系统，已彻底革新了传统生活方式。物联网的成功运作需要云、雾和边缘计算架构的协同配合。尽管已有研究探讨了物联网与单一或双计算系统的集成方式，但鲜有研究同时涉足云、雾和边缘计算，并对三者及其相关问题展开比较分析。为此，本综述深入阐释了物联网与这三种计算架构的集成机制，以及各自的应用场景与局限性。同时，本文着重探讨了物联网与计算系统集成所具备的优势、未解决的问题、未来机遇与发展方向，以期推动物联网的发展。物联网可利用云计算近乎无限的资源来克服数据处理、存储和传输等技术限制。而边缘计算在多数情况下可超越云计算，随着物联网设备数量的增长，物联网与边缘计算的融合将日益紧密。云计算亦面临若干挑战，例如处理视频游戏、仿真和流媒体等时间敏感型物联网应用，这些问题可通过物联网与雾计算的集成得到解决。由于雾计算资源靠近边缘端，二者的结合可减少向云端的数据传输与通信延迟。物联网与云、雾和边缘计算的集成将催生新的商业模式与机遇。鉴于物联网作为未来互联网不可或缺的组成部分，其具备显著增强连接基础设施的潜力，因此在实现完全集成之前仍需开展进一步研究。