Many forms of static reasoning about program behaviours are known in the literature, yet formal relationships are studied surprisingly infrequently. While most type systems are well-known to be captured by abstract interpretations, the situation for type-and-effect systems is, in the general case, unsettled despite strong hypotheses and occasional framing of effect systems as abstract interpretations. We develop a formal relationship between abstract interpretations and a general class of effect systems. First, we describe an embedding of effect quantales into abstract domains. Second, we recover the general form of an effect quantale as an abstract interpretation -- not on states or values, but on event occurrences.

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