The all-photonic quantum repeater scheme, utilizing a type of graph state called the repeater graph state (RGS), promises resilience to photon losses and operational errors, offering a fast Bell pair generation rate limited only by the RGS creation time (rather than enforced round-trip waits). While existing research has predominantly focused on RGS generation and secret key sharing rate analysis, there is a need to extend investigations to encompass broader applications, such as distributed computation and teleportation, the main tasks envisioned for the Quantum Internet. Here we propose a new emitter-photonic qubit building block and an RGS protocol that addresses several key considerations: end node involvement in connection establishment, decoding of logical qubits within the RGS, and computing the Pauli frame corrections at each participating node to ensure the desired correct end-to-end Bell pair state. Our proposed building block significantly reduces the total number of emissive quantum memories required for end nodes and seamlessly integrates all-photonic and memory-based repeaters under the same communication protocol. We also present an algorithm for decoding logical measurement results, employing graphical reasoning based on graph state manipulation rules.

翻译：全光子量子中继器方案利用一种称为中继器图态（RGS）的图态，有望实现对光子损耗和操作错误的鲁棒性，并提供仅受限于RGS创建时间（而非强制性的往返等待时间）的快速贝尔对生成速率。虽然现有研究主要集中于RGS的生成和密钥共享速率分析，但有必要将研究扩展到更广泛的应用领域，例如分布式计算和量子隐形传态——这些是量子互联网设想的主要任务。本文提出了一种新的发射器-光子量子比特构建模块和一个RGS协议，该协议解决了几个关键问题：端节点在连接建立过程中的参与、RGS内逻辑量子比特的解码，以及在各参与节点处计算泡利帧校正以确保获得期望的正确端到端贝尔对态。我们提出的构建模块显著减少了端节点所需的总发射型量子存储器数量，并在同一通信协议下无缝集成了全光子和基于存储器的中继器。我们还提出了一种基于图态操作规则的图形推理算法，用于解码逻辑测量结果。