A strategy for the orchestration of hybrid classical-quantum workloads on supercomputers featuring quantum devices is proposed. The method makes use of heterogeneous job launches with Slurm to interleave classical and quantum computation, thereby reducing idle time of the quantum components. To better understand the possible shortcomings and bottlenecks of such a workload, an example application is investigated that offloads parts of the computation to a quantum device. It executes on a classical HPC system, with a server mimicking the quantum device, within the MPMD paradigm in Slurm. Quantum circuits are synthesized by means of the Classiq software suite according to the needs of the scientific application, and the Qiskit Aer circuit simulator computes the state vectors. The HHL quantum algorithm for linear systems of equations is used to solve the algebraic problem from the discretization of a linear differential equation. Communication takes place over the MPI, which is broadly employed in the HPC community. Extraction of state vectors and circuit synthesis are the most time consuming, while communication is negligible in this setup. The present test bed serves as a basis for more advanced hybrid workloads eventually involving a real quantum device.

翻译：提出了一种在配备量子器件的超级计算机上编排混合经典-量子工作负载的策略。该方法利用Slurm的异构作业启动机制交错执行经典计算与量子计算，从而减少量子组件的空闲时间。为深入理解此类工作负载可能存在的缺陷与瓶颈，研究了一个将部分计算任务卸载至量子设备的示例应用。该应用在经典HPC系统上运行，通过服务器模拟量子设备，并遵循Slurm中的MPMD范式。根据科学应用需求，借助Classiq软件套件合成量子电路，并由Qiskit Aer电路模拟器计算状态向量。采用用于线性方程组求解的HHL量子算法处理由线性微分方程离散化产生的代数问题。通信基于HPC领域广泛使用的MPI协议实现。实验结果表明，状态向量提取与电路合成耗时最长，而通信开销在该配置下可忽略不计。当前测试平台为后续更复杂的混合工作负载（最终将涉及真实量子设备）奠定了基础。