The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for writing has sparked controversy both among readers and writers. On one hand, writers are concerned that LLMs will deprive them of agency and ownership, and readers are concerned about spending their time on text generated by soulless machines. On the other hand, AI-assistance can improve writing as long as writers can conform to publisher policies, and as long as readers can be assured that a text has been verified by a human. We argue that a system that captures the provenance of interaction with an LLM can help writers retain their agency, conform to policies, and communicate their use of AI to publishers and readers transparently. Thus we propose HaLLMark, a tool for visualizing the writer's interaction with the LLM. We evaluated HaLLMark with 13 creative writers, and found that it helped them retain a sense of control and ownership of the text.

翻译：大语言模型（LLM）在写作中的应用引发了读者与作者之间的争议。一方面，作者担忧LLM会剥夺其创作自主权与所有权，读者则顾虑自己花费时间阅读由毫无灵魂的机器生成的文本。另一方面，只要作者能遵守出版方政策、读者能确信文本经人工核实，AI辅助便能提升写作质量。我们认为，通过系统捕获与LLM交互的溯源信息，既能帮助作者保持创作自主权、遵守相关政策，又能向出版方和读者透明公开其AI使用情况。为此，我们提出HaLLMark——一种可视化作者与LLM交互过程的工具。通过对13名创意写作作者的评估，结果表明该工具有助于作者保持对文本的掌控感与所有权意识。