The transforming process in the scope of agriculture towards Smart Agriculture is an essential step to fulfill growing demands in respect to nourishment. Crucial challenges include establishing robust wireless communication in rural areas, enabling collaboration among agricultural machines, and integrating artificial intelligence into farming practices. Addressing these challenges necessitates a consistent communication system, with wireless communication emerging as a key enabler. Cellular technologies, as 5G and its successor 6G, can offer a comprehensive solution here. Leveraging technologies following the ITU-R M. 2160 recommendation like THz communication, low-latency wireless AI, and embedded sensing, can provide a flexible and energy-efficient infrastructure. This paper introduces on-demand networks based on the OpenRAN approach and a 7.2 functional split. By implementing THz front-hauling between components, a flexible application of 5G or future 6G networks can be realized. Experiments demonstrate that THz communication is suitable for data transmission over the eCPRI interface, particularly in terms of data rate, thereby reducing the need for wired alternatives such as fiber optic cables. Furthermore, limitations such as limited range are discussed, and possible initial solutions are presented. The integration of the OpenRAN standard further enhances flexibility, which is crucial in dynamic agricultural environments. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on the transformative potential of 6G-enabled wireless communication in shaping the future of smart agriculture.

翻译：农业领域向智慧农业转型的过程是满足日益增长营养需求的关键步骤。核心挑战包括在农村地区建立稳健的无线通信、实现农业机械间的协同作业以及将人工智能融入耕作实践。应对这些挑战需要一个稳定的通信系统，而无线通信正成为关键赋能技术。蜂窝技术，如5G及其继任者6G，可在此提供全面的解决方案。利用遵循ITU-R M.2160建议的技术，如太赫兹通信、低延迟无线人工智能和嵌入式感知，能够构建灵活且高能效的基础设施。本文介绍了基于OpenRAN方法和7.2功能切分的按需网络。通过在组件间实施太赫兹前传，可以实现5G或未来6G网络的灵活应用。实验表明，太赫兹通信适用于通过eCPRI接口进行数据传输，特别是在数据速率方面，从而减少了对光纤等有线替代方案的需求。此外，本文讨论了诸如有限传输距离等局限性，并提出了可能的初步解决方案。OpenRAN标准的集成进一步增强了灵活性，这在动态农业环境中至关重要。本研究为持续探讨6G赋能无线通信在塑造智慧农业未来方面的变革潜力作出了贡献。