Natural language processing (NLP) now shapes many aspects of our world, yet its potential for positive social impact is underexplored. This paper surveys work in ``NLP for Social Good" (NLP4SG) across nine domains relevant to global development and risk agendas, summarizing principal tasks and challenges. We analyze ACL Anthology trends, finding that inclusion and AI harms attract the most research, while domains such as poverty, peacebuilding, and environmental protection remain underexplored. Guided by our review, we outline opportunities for responsible and equitable NLP and conclude with a call for cross-disciplinary partnerships and human-centered approaches to ensure that future NLP technologies advance the public good.

翻译：自然语言处理（NLP）如今塑造着我们世界的诸多方面，但其对社会产生积极影响的潜力尚未得到充分探索。本文围绕与全球发展和风险议程相关的九个领域，对“面向社会公益的自然语言处理”（NLP4SG）的相关工作进行了综述，总结了其主要任务与挑战。我们分析了ACL Anthology中的趋势，发现包容性与人工智能危害吸引了最多的研究，而贫困、和平建设及环境保护等领域仍待深入探索。基于综述的指引，我们概述了负责任且公平的NLP的发展机遇，并最终呼吁开展跨学科合作及采用以人为本的方法，以确保未来的NLP技术能够促进公共利益。