To time-efficiently and stably acquire the intensity information for phase retrieval under a coherent illumination, we leverage an event-based vision sensor (EVS) that can detect changes in logarithmic intensity at the pixel level with a wide dynamic range. In our optical system, we translate the EVS along the optical axis, where the EVS records the intensity changes induced by defocus as events. To recover phase distributions, we formulate a partial differential equation, referred to as the transport of event equation, which presents a linear relationship between the defocus events and the phase distribution. We demonstrate through experiments that the EVS is more advantageous than the conventional image sensor for rapidly and stably detecting the intensity information, defocus events, which enables accurate phase retrieval, particularly under low-lighting conditions.

翻译：为在相干照明下高效且稳定地获取相位恢复所需的强度信息，我们采用事件视觉传感器（EVS），该传感器可在像素级别检测对数强度的变化，并具备宽动态范围。在我们的光学系统中，我们沿光轴平移EVS，使其记录由离焦引起的强度变化作为事件。为恢复相位分布，我们构建了一个偏微分方程，称为事件传输方程，该方程揭示了离焦事件与相位分布之间的线性关系。通过实验，我们证明EVS在快速稳定检测强度信息（即离焦事件）方面优于传统图像传感器，从而实现了精确的相位恢复，尤其在低光照条件下。