Current technological advancements of quantum computers highlight the need for application-driven, practical and well-defined methods of benchmarking their performance. As the existing NISQ device's quality of two-qubit gate errors rate is even around one percent and the number of qubits is still limited to a few or several dozen, naturally, we need to propose rather small algorithms instances taken from key promising application areas, such as quantum chemistry, combinatorial optimisation or machine learning. While many techniques for assessing the performance of logical components such as gate fidelity and qubit coherence exist, it is often challenging to extrapolate those values onto the performance of different quantum algorithms and subroutines. This work aims to introduce a series of initial quantum application benchmarks together with a methodology of execution for measuring performance and fidelity of the results. The proposed suite refers to several variational algorithms, widely-used on current NISQ devices, but also includes examples of quantum circuits designed for a fault-tolerant quantum computer.

翻译：当前量子计算技术的进步突显了对其性能进行应用驱动、实用且定义明确的基准测试方法的必要性。由于现有NISQ器件的双量子比特门错误率仍然高达约百分之一，且量子比特数量仍局限于几个或几十个，我们自然需要从关键潜在应用领域（如量子化学、组合优化或机器学习）中选取规模较小的算法实例。尽管存在多种评估逻辑组件性能的技术（如门保真度和量子比特相干性），但将这些数值外推到不同量子算法及子程序的性能上往往极具挑战。本研究旨在引入一系列初始量子应用基准测试，并配套提出用于测量结果性能与保真度的执行方法。所提出的基准测试套件涵盖了当前NISQ器件广泛使用的多种变分算法，同时包含为容错量子计算机设计的量子电路示例。