UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) is gradually entering various human activities. It has also become an important part of satellite-air-ground-sea integrated network (SAGS) for 6G communication. In order to achieve high mobility, UAV has strict requirements on communication latency, and it cannot be illegally controlled as weapons of attack with malicious intentions. Therefore, an efficient and secure communication method specifically designed for UAV network is required. This paper proposes a communication mechanism named ESCM for the above requirements. For high efficiency of communication, ESCM designs a routing protocol based on artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) for UAV network to accelerate communication between UAVs. Meanwhile, we plan to use blockchain to guarantee the communication security of UAV networks. However, blockchain has unstable links in high mobility network scenarios, resulting in low consensus efficiency and high communication overhead. Therefore, ESCM also introduces the concept of the digital twin, mapping the UAVs from the physical world into Cyberspace, transforming the UAV network into a static network. And this virtual UAV network is called CyberUAV. Then, in CyberUAV, we design a blockchain system and propose a consensus algorithm based on network coding, named proof of network coding (PoNC). PoNC not only ensures the security of ESCM, but also further improves the performance of ESCM through network coding. Simulation results show that ESCM has obvious advantages in communication efficiency and security. Moreover, encoding messages through PoNC consensus can increase the network throughput, and make mobile blockchain static through digital twin can improve the consensus success rate.

翻译：无人机正逐步进入人类各项活动领域，已成为6G通信中空天地海一体化网络（SAGS）的重要组成部分。为实现高机动性，无人机对通信时延有严格要求，且不能被恶意操控成为攻击性武器。因此，需要专门为无人机网络设计高效安全的通信方法。本文针对上述需求提出一种名为ESCM的通信机制。在通信高效性方面，ESCM基于人工蜂群算法（ABC）为无人机网络设计路由协议，以加速无人机间通信。同时，我们计划采用区块链保障无人机网络的通信安全。然而，区块链在高机动性网络场景下存在链路不稳定问题，导致共识效率低下、通信开销过高。为此，ESCM引入数字孪生概念，将物理世界的无人机映射至网络空间，将无人机网络转化为静态网络，该虚拟无人机网络称为CyberUAV。随后在CyberUAV中设计区块链系统，提出基于网络编码的共识算法——网络编码证明（PoNC）。PoNC不仅保障ESCM的安全性，还通过网络编码进一步提升性能。仿真结果表明，ESCM在通信效率与安全性方面具有明显优势。此外，通过PoNC共识对消息进行编码可提升网络吞吐量，而利用数字孪生将移动区块链静态化则能提高共识成功率。