Since Siri's release in 2011 there have been a growing number of AI-driven domestic voice assistants that are increasingly being integrated into devices such as smartphones and TVs. But as their presence has expanded, a range of ethical concerns has been identified around the use of voice assistants, such as the privacy implications of having devices that are always listening and the ways that these devices are integrated into the existing social order of the home. This has created a burgeoning area of research across a range of fields including computer science, social science, and psychology. This paper takes stock of the foundations and frontiers of this work through a systematic literature review of 117 papers on ethical concerns with voice assistants. In addition to analysis of nine specific areas of concern, the review measures the distribution of methods and participant demographics across the literature. We show how some concerns, such as privacy, are operationalized to a much greater extent than others like accessibility, and how study participants are overwhelmingly drawn from a small handful of Western nations. In so doing we hope to provide an outline of the rich tapestry of work around these concerns and highlight areas where current research efforts are lacking.

翻译：自2011年Siri发布以来，人工智能驱动的家用语音助手数量持续增长，并日益集成到智能手机和电视等设备中。然而，随着其普及范围的扩大，围绕语音助手的使用出现了一系列伦理问题，例如始终处于监听状态的设备所带来的隐私隐患，以及这些设备如何融入家庭现有社会秩序的方式。这在计算机科学、社会科学和心理学等多个领域催生了一个新兴的研究领域。本文通过对117篇关于语音助手伦理关注的论文进行系统性文献综述，梳理了这一领域的研究基础与前沿。除对九个具体关注领域进行分析外，本综述还衡量了文献中研究方法和参与者人口统计特征的分布情况。我们揭示了某些关注点（如隐私）相比其他问题（如可访问性）在操作化程度上更为深入，以及研究参与者绝大多数来自少数西方国家的现象。借此，我们希望勾勒出围绕这些关注点的丰富研究图景，并指出当前研究工作中存在的不足领域。